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Published by VMT at Jan 05 2023
What is PEEK plastic?
PEEK (polyetherimide) is a high-performance engineering plastic material with excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance, mechanical strength and wear resistance. PEEK material is usually used in applications under high temperature, high pressure, high load and harsh environment, such as aerospace, medical equipment, automotive industry, electronic equipment, oil and gas exploration and other fields. It is also widely used in manufacturing processes such as 3D printing, CNC machining, and injection molding.
PEEK (polyetherimide) typically has a density between 1.30 g/cm³ and 1.50 g/cm³, depending on its raw material and production process. This high-performance engineering plastic material has a low specific gravity, which makes it have excellent lightweight characteristics when manufacturing high-strength, wear-resistant, and corrosion-resistant parts. Due to its extremely high molecular weight and crystallinity, PEEK material also has excellent heat resistance and mechanical strength, making it an ideal high-performance material.
PEEK (polyetherimide) is a high-performance engineering plastic material with the following characteristics:
High heat resistance: PEEK materials can be used at temperatures up to 250°C for a long time without significant structural changes and deterioration.
Good mechanical properties: PEEK material has high strength, rigidity and hardness, and exhibits excellent fatigue resistance and wear resistance.
Good chemical stability: PEEK materials can resist the erosion and corrosion of various chemical substances, including acids, alkalis, solvents, etc., and have good stability in extreme environments.
Excellent electrical insulation: PEEK material is a good electrical insulator with high dielectric strength and low dielectric loss.
Easy machining and molding: PEEK material is easy to be formed by CNC machining, injection molding, extrusion molding and other molding methods.
Environmental protection and food safety: PEEK material complies with RoHS standards and FDA requirements, does not contain harmful substances, and can be used in food contact fields.
Due to its above characteristics, PEEK materials are widely used in fields with high requirements such as high temperature, high strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, such as aerospace, medical equipment, automobile industry, electronic devices and oil and gas exploration and other fields.
Although PEEK (polyetherimide) has many excellent properties, it also has some disadvantages:
Higher price: The production cost of PEEK material is higher, so its price is relatively higher, and its application field is limited to a certain extent.
High machining difficulty: The machining of PEEK material is relatively difficult, requiring professional technology and equipment, and strict quality control.
Easy to deform: Since PEEK material is easy to heat deform and soften, special machining methods and control measures are required to reduce the risk of deformation.
Not resistant to ultraviolet rays: PEEK materials are sensitive to ultraviolet rays and oxygen, and are prone to aging and deterioration when exposed to outdoor environments for a long time.
It should be noted that PEEK material has been widely used in many high-performance application fields. Its excellent performance and characteristics make it can replace traditional metal materials and other engineering plastics, but its shortcomings and limitations need to be fully considered before use sex.
Both PTFE and PEEK are high-performance engineering plastics, but they have the following differences:
Material characteristics: PTFE is a polytetrafluoroethylene material, which has good corrosion resistance, low friction coefficient and excellent insulation performance, and is stable at high temperatures. PEEK is a polyetherimide material with high strength, high rigidity, good wear resistance, high temperature resistance and chemical stability.
Fields of application: Because PTFE has good corrosion resistance and low friction coefficient, it is widely used in the fields of seals, valves, pipes, electrical equipment and lubricating materials. PEEK is widely used in fields requiring high strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, such as aerospace, medical equipment, automotive industry, electronic devices, and oil and gas exploration.
Difficulty in machining: PTFE is difficult to process and requires special machining techniques, such as powder pressing, extrusion molding and thermal compression. The machining of PEEK is also difficult, requiring professional machining equipment and technology, and strict quality control.
Price: The production cost of PTFE is low, so its price is relatively low, while the production cost of PEEK is high, resulting in its relatively high price.
It should be noted that both PTFE and PEEK are excellent high-performance engineering plastics and have their own characteristics in different application fields. When choosing materials, you should comprehensively consider the advantages and disadvantages of materials according to specific requirements, and choose materials that suit your needs.
The surface treatment of PEEK material usually includes the following:
1. Sand blasting: It can increase the roughness and adhesion of PEEK surface, and improve its coating or bonding effect.
2. Electrochemical polishing: It can make the surface of PEEK smoother and flatter, and improve its dimensional accuracy and surface quality.
3. Spraying/spraying coating: Spray a layer of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials on the surface of PEEK to enhance its performance and prolong its service life.
4. Electroplating: It can make the surface of PEEK have anti-corrosion, conductive, beautiful and other characteristics, such as copper plating, nickel plating, gold plating, etc.
5. Anodizing: An oxide film can be formed on the surface of PEEK to enhance its corrosion resistance and hardness, and improve its decorative effect.
It should be noted that due to the high thermal stability and chemical inertness of PEEK material, the choice of surface treatment should take its resistance and applicability into consideration.
Food-grade PEEK: suitable for the manufacture of parts in contact with food, such as fixtures, valves and pipes.
Carbon fiber reinforced PEEK: PEEK reinforced by carbon fiber has higher strength and stiffness, and is suitable for manufacturing complex structural parts with high strength requirements.
Graphite-filled PEEK: PEEK filled with graphite particles has better electrical conductivity and friction properties, and is suitable for manufacturing seals, supports and bearings under high temperature and high pressure environments.
Glass fiber reinforced PEEK: PEEK reinforced by glass fiber has better wear resistance and impact resistance, and is suitable for the manufacture of parts requiring high strength and durability.
Silicone-filled PEEK: PEEK filled with silicone has better heat resistance, corrosion resistance and meets medical standards, and is suitable for manufacturing medical equipment and instruments in the fields of tissue engineering.
What is PEEK CNC machining?
PEEK plastic CNC machine tools are the most common type of PEEK processing. CNC, that is, computer numerical control, is the automatic control of processing tools by computers. CNC machines process materials by following coded program instructions rather than manual operators. PEEK CNC machining is popular because it is the most efficient and economical option for rapid production of prototypes and plastic models. An automated CNC machine is controlled by a computer that determines the path of the machine's tooling based on the 3D files created. CNC machining does not require tooling, thus reducing start-up time and costs. Ideal for CNC machining plastic parts larger than 600 mm.
PEEK material is a high-performance engineering plastic with excellent heat resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, wear resistance and other properties, and is widely used in aerospace, medical equipment, automobiles and other fields. For the machining of PEEK material, CNC machining and injection molding machining can be used, each of which has the following advantages:
1. Advantages of CNC machining: CNC machining can achieve high-precision and high-efficiency machining, and is suitable for machining parts with small batches and complex shapes. For high-performance materials such as PEEK, CNC machining can ensure machining accuracy and surface quality, and can also be customized according to needs.
2. Advantages of injection molding machining: Injection molding machining can realize large-scale and high-efficiency production, and is suitable for mass production of PEEK material parts. Injection molding can realize the production of complex shapes and high-precision parts, while reducing production costs and improving production efficiency.
Therefore, for the machining of PEEK material, CNC machining or injection molding machining can be selected according to specific needs and production conditions. For parts with small batches and complex shapes, CNC machining can be selected; for large-volume, high-efficiency production, injection molding machining can be selected.
The price of PEEK CNC machining varies with many factors, such as required materials, part complexity, machining accuracy requirements, production batches, etc. Generally speaking, the price of PEEK material is higher and the machining is more difficult, so the price of PEEK CNC machining is generally higher. The following are some reference prices for PEEK CNC machining:
PEEK Plate Machining Cost: generally more than 100 yuan/square centimeter.
PEEK Pipe or Billet Machining Cost: generally more than 500 yuan/kg.
PEEK CNC Machining Parts Cost: according to different parts shape, size and machining difficulty, it generally ranges from several hundred yuan to several thousand yuan.
It should be noted that the above prices are for reference only, and actual prices may vary due to various factors. It is suggested that when choosing PEEK CNC machining services, various factors should be considered comprehensively, a reliable machining manufacturer should be selected, and detailed communication and negotiation should be carried out with them to obtain the best service and price.
Why choose PEEK plastic material?
The long-term use temperature of parts made of high-temperature plastic PEEK can reach 260°C, and its melting point is about 341°C. Often used in hot water or steam environments, PEEK plastic maintains high levels of physical properties such as flexural strength and tensile strength. The added value brought by PEEK material - it can be used to make parts with lighter weight, higher strength and longer service life in harsh environments.
PEEK plastic CNC machining and manufacturing process:
PEEK plastic can be manufactured through two different CNC machining processes: PEEK injection molding or PEEK CNC machining.
CNC machining is a commonly used method for CNC machining PEEK, but the skills that need to be paid attention to during CNC machining.
PEEK is a processable thermoplastic, but important steps must be taken before, during and after processing to provide an optimal end product.
Annealing
Annealing is a process performed on PEEK rods to relieve stress and reduce stress and the possibility of surface cracking of the PEEK material during processing. Annealed PEEK is also less likely to deform. Depending on the time required for processing, multiple annealing stages may be required.
Cutting Tool
In most cases, silicon carbide tools can be used for CNC machining PEEK. If PEEK is reinforced with carbon fibers, or if particularly tight tolerances are required, diamond tools should be used. It also prevents contamination if the cutting tool used is not intended for metal.
Cool Down
PEEK does not release heat and must be cooled during CNC machining to prevent deformation and cracking. With the exception of medical components, standard liquid coolants can be used. For medical components, PEEK materials must be cooled with compressed air because liquid coolants can affect the biocompatibility of PEEK.
Drilling
PEEK is less stretchable than other plastics, so deep drilling can cause cracks.
The diversity of engineering applications requires materials that can perform optimally over a wide range of temperature conditions. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is one such material that, in addition to its good properties at high temperatures and over a wide temperature range, also has the advantage of being a lightweight polymer.
Usually manufactured by stepwise polymerization, PEEK is more expensive compared to other polymers but offers excellent properties in multiple dimensions. PEEK has excellent wear and abrasion resistance and is required in several engineering fields. CNC (Computer Numerically Controlled) machining consists of multi-axis milling, turning and different variants of electrical discharge machines (EDM) to obtain the desired geometrical profile. The main advantage of these machines is the ability to control the machine through computer-generated code through an advanced controller.
CNC machining offers the opportunity to create complex geometries while meeting the geometric tolerance requirements of different materials, from plastics to metals. Mold PEEK material can be machined to obtain complex geometric profiles. Medical and industrial grade PEEK can be processed. PEEK CNC machining offers high precision and repeatability.
Due to PEEK's high melting point, faster feed rates and speeds can be employed during CNC machining compared to other polymers. Before starting the CNC machining process, special annealing requirements must be met to avoid internal stress and heat-related cracks during the CNC machining process. These requirements vary according to the grade of PEEK material used and full details on this are provided by the manufacturer of that grade.
PEEK is stronger and harder than most polymers, but softer than most metals. This requires the use of fixtures during machining to ensure precise machining. PEEK is a high heat engineering plastic and cannot sufficiently dissipate the heat generated during CNC machining. This requires techniques to avoid problems caused by inefficient heat dissipation from the material. These preventative measures include peck drilling, coolant feeding the drill bit, and using adequate coolant in all CNC machining processes. Both petroleum-based and water-based coolants can be used.
Another important factor to consider when machining the few other compatible plastics is tool wear during PEEK machining. Using carbon fiber reinforced PEEK grades is more detrimental to the tooling. This requires the use of carbide tools for normal grades of PEEK and diamond tools for carbon fiber reinforced PEEK grades. The use of coolant also improves tool life.
Select appropriate cutting tools and machining parameters: Since PEEK material has high hardness and toughness, appropriate cutting tools and machining parameters should be selected to ensure machining efficiency and precision, and avoid damage to the cutting tools as much as possible.
Use appropriate coolant: Since PEEK material is easy to be thermally deformed and softened, an appropriate coolant should be used during machining to control the surface temperature of the material and reduce the risk of deformation.
Control the temperature in the machining area: the machining and machining temperature range of PEEK material is narrow, and the temperature in the machining area should be controlled to maintain the stability of the material structure.
Select the appropriate fixture and clamping method: The appropriate fixture and clamping method should be selected according to the shape and characteristics of the part, and the risk of deformation should be minimized as much as possible on the premise of ensuring machining accuracy.
Implement quality control measures: Strict quality control should be carried out during the PEEK CNC machining process, including checking machining parameters, measuring part dimensions, testing material properties, etc., to ensure machining quality and stability.
It should be noted that the machining of PEEK materials is relatively difficult, requiring professional technology and equipment, and strict quality control. It is recommended that when choosing PEEK CNC machining services, you should choose an experienced and powerful machining manufacturer, and fully communicate with them to formulate appropriate machining plans and quality control measures.
During the CNC machining of PEEK material, the following common problems may occur:
1. Chip problem: PEEK material is prone to produce a large amount of chips during machining, and these chips will adhere to the tool, affecting machining quality and efficiency.
2. Tool sticking problem: The high temperature performance and viscosity of PEEK material will cause the tool to stick to the workpiece, affecting the machining accuracy and surface quality.
3. Thermal deformation problem: PEEK material is prone to thermal deformation at high temperature, resulting in a decrease in machining accuracy and surface quality.
For these problems, the following solutions can be taken:
1. The chip problem can be solved by increasing the flow and pressure of the coolant to reduce the generation and adhesion of chips.
2. The sticking problem can be solved by using coated tools, increasing the cutting speed and reducing the depth of cut, reducing the contact time and adhesion between the tool and the workpiece.
3. The problem of thermal deformation can be solved by controlling the machining temperature, reducing the cutting force and increasing the cutting speed, so as to reduce the thermal deformation of PEEK material.
In actual operation, it is also necessary to pay attention to the machining parameters and machining technology of PEEK material, select appropriate tools and coolant, and strengthen the maintenance and maintenance of equipment to ensure the quality and efficiency of CNC machining of PEEK material.
During the CNC machining of PEEK, due to its high molecular weight and high crystallinity, the material usually has a certain risk of shrinkage and deformation. Here are some ways to avoid or reduce deformation in PEEK CNC machining:
Select appropriate machining parameters: including machining speed, tool speed, feed speed, depth of cut, etc., should be optimized according to different part shapes, sizes and requirements to improve machining quality and stability.
Use appropriate fixtures: Choose appropriate fixtures and clamping methods according to the shape and characteristics of the parts, and minimize the risk of deformation while ensuring machining accuracy.
Control the machining temperature: During the PEEK CNC machining process, the temperature of the machining area should be controlled to maintain the stability of the material structure and avoid uneven deformation caused by the temperature gradient.
Using post-machining technology: such as annealing, hot pressing, surface treatment, etc., can reduce or eliminate the influence of machining deformation by changing the structure and properties of the material.
It should be noted that the machining and handling of PEEK materials is relatively difficult and requires professional technology and equipment. It is recommended that when choosing PEEK CNC machining services, one should choose an experienced and powerful machining manufacturer, and fully communicate with them to formulate a suitable machining protocols and quality control measures.
Application of PEEK Plastic CNC Machining Parts:
Conveyor technology: guide rails, belts, rollers, grippers and valves；
Food industry: valves, mixers, demoulding machines, batching systems and kneaders；
Aerospace field: PEEK materials are used in the manufacture of aerospace devices such as aircraft, satellites and rockets, such as structural parts, supports, bearings and seals.
Medical device field: PEEK materials are used in the manufacture of medical equipment and alternative tissue engineering, such as artificial joints, implants, surgical instruments and dental restoration materials.
Automobile industry: PEEK materials are used in the manufacture of auto parts, such as engine parts, braking systems, transmission systems and chassis systems.
Electronic equipment field: PEEK materials are used in the manufacture of electronic devices, such as connectors, insulators, thermal components and touch screens.
Oil and gas extraction field: PEEK materials are used in the manufacture of oil and gas extraction equipment, such as pipes, valves and seals.
In addition, PEEK materials are also widely used in 3D printing, CNC machining, injection molding and other manufacturing processes, and have been more and more used in fields with high requirements such as high strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The above is the knowledge of PEEK plastic CNC machining parts, I hope it will be helpful to you.
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